[김영한 스프링] 13. MVC 프레임워크 만들기 - 프론트 컨트롤러 소개&도입

프론트 컨트롤러 패턴 소개

 

프론트 컨트롤러 도입 전

 

 

프론트 컨트롤러 도입 후

 

 

FrontController 패턴 특징

• 프론트 컨트롤러 서블릿 하나로 클라이언트의 요청을 받음
• 프론트 컨트롤러가 요청에 맞는 컨트롤러를 찾아서 호출
• 입구를 하나로!
• 공통 처리 가능
• 프론트 컨트롤러를 제외한 나머지 컨트롤러는 서블릿을 사용하지 않아도 됨

 

스프링 웹 MVC와 프론트 컨트롤러

스프링 웹 MVC의 핵심도 바로 FrontController

스프링 웹 MVC의 DispatcherServlet이 FrontController 패턴으로 구현되어 있음

 

프론트 컨트롤러 도입 - v1

 

V1 구조

 

 

ControllerV1

package hello.servlet.web.frontcontroller.v1;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public interface ControllerV1 {

    void process(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException;
}

main/java/hello.servlet/web/frontcontroller/v1/ControllerV1 생성

 

서블릿과 비슷한 모양의 컨트롤러 인터페이스를 도입한다. 각 컨트롤러들은 이 인터페이스를 구현하면 된다. 프론트 컨트롤러는 이 인터페이스를 호출해서 구현과 관계없이 로직의 일관성을 가져갈 수 있다.

 

 

MemberFormControllerV1 - 회원 등록 컨트롤러

main/java/hello.servlet/web/frontcontroller/v1/controller/MemberFormControllerV1 생성

 

 

package hello.servlet.web.frontcontroller.v1.controller;

import hello.servlet.web.frontcontroller.v1.ControllerV1;

import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public class MemberFormControllerV1 implements ControllerV1 {

    @Override
    public void process(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String viewPath = "/WEB-INF/views/new-form.jsp";
        RequestDispatcher dispatcher = request.getRequestDispatcher(viewPath);
        dispatcher.forward(request, response);
    }
}

 

 

MemberSaveControllerV1 - 회원 저장 컨트롤러

main/java/hello.servlet/web/frontcontroller/v1/controller/MemberSaveControllerV1 생성

 

 

package hello.servlet.web.frontcontroller.v1.controller;

import hello.servlet.domain.member.Member;
import hello.servlet.domain.member.MemberRepository;
import hello.servlet.web.frontcontroller.v1.ControllerV1;

import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public class MemberSaveControllerV1 implements ControllerV1 {

    MemberRepository memberRepository = MemberRepository.getInstance();

    @Override
    public void process(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String username = request.getParameter("username");
        int age = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("age"));

        Member member = new Member(username, age);
        memberRepository.save(member);

        // Model에 데이터를 보관한다.
        request.setAttribute("member", member);

        String viewPath = "/WEB-INF/views/save-result.jsp";
        RequestDispatcher dispatcher = request.getRequestDispatcher(viewPath);
        dispatcher.forward(request, response);
    }
}

 

 

MemberListControllerV1 - 회원 목록 컨트롤러

main/java/hello.servlet/web/frontcontroller/v1/controller/MemberListControllerV1 생성

 

 

package hello.servlet.web.frontcontroller.v1.controller;

import hello.servlet.domain.member.Member;
import hello.servlet.domain.member.MemberRepository;
import hello.servlet.web.frontcontroller.v1.ControllerV1;

import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;

public class MemberListControllerV1 implements ControllerV1 {

    MemberRepository memberRepository = MemberRepository.getInstance();

    @Override
    public void process(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

        List<Member> members = memberRepository.findAll();

        request.setAttribute("members", members);

        String viewPath = "/WEB-INF/views/members.jsp";
        RequestDispatcher dispatcher = request.getRequestDispatcher(viewPath);
        dispatcher.forward(request, response);

    }
}

 

 

MemberListControllerV1 - 회원 목록 컨트롤러

main/java/hello.servlet/web/frontcontroller/v1/MemberListControllerV1 생성

 

 

 

 

실행

 

 

결과

 

 

package hello.servlet.web.frontcontroller.v1;

import hello.servlet.web.frontcontroller.v1.controller.MemberFormControllerV1;
import hello.servlet.web.frontcontroller.v1.controller.MemberListControllerV1;
import hello.servlet.web.frontcontroller.v1.controller.MemberSaveControllerV1;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

@WebServlet(name = "frontControllerServletV1", urlPatterns = "/front-controller/v1/*")
public class FrontControllerServletV1 extends HttpServlet {

    private Map<String, ControllerV1> controllerMap = new HashMap<>();

    public FrontControllerServletV1() {
        controllerMap.put("/front-controller/v1/members/new-form", new MemberFormControllerV1());
        controllerMap.put("/front-controller/v1/members/save", new MemberSaveControllerV1());
        controllerMap.put("/front-controller/v1/members", new MemberListControllerV1());
    }

    @Override
    protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("FrontControllerServletV1.service");

        String requestURI = request.getRequestURI(); // 웹에서 입력한 주소를 받음

        ControllerV1 controller = controllerMap.get(requestURI);

        if (controller == null) {
            response.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_NOT_FOUND);
            return;
        }

        controller.process(request, response);
    }
}

 

 

실행

 

 

uriPatterns

• urlPatterns = "/front-controller/v1/*" : /front-controller/v1를 포함한 하위 모든 요청은 이 서블릿에서 받아들인다.
• 예) /front-controller/v1, /front-controller/v1/a, /front-controller/v1/a/b

 

controllerMap

• key: 매핑 URL
• value: 호출될 컨트롤러

 

service()

먼저 requestURI를 조회해서 실제 호출할 컨트롤러를 controllerMap에서 찾는다. 만약 없다면 404(SC_NOT_FOUND) 상태 코드를 반환한다.

컨트롤러를 찾고 controller.process(request, response);을 호출해서 해당 컨트롤러를 실행한다.

 

JSP

JSP는 이전 MVC에서 사용했던 것을 그대로 사용한다.

 

 

출처 : https://www.inflearn.com/course/%EC%8A%A4%ED%94%84%EB%A7%81-mvc-1

스프링 MVC 1편 - 백엔드 웹 개발 핵심 기술 - 인프런 | 강의